Employees at Sonora Foods are organised into teams. These include: :: Business and Management Studies

Employees at Sonora Foods are organised into teams. These include production, hygiene, and maintenance.Sonora Foods Ltd. 2Describe how Sonora Foods Ltd is organised. 2Identify and explain the roles and operative arrangements of threedifferent employees in the same functional area from the followinglist Manager, Supervisor, Operative and Support Staff 2Explain how the organisational expression affects intercourse betweenemployees. 3Compare the different working arrangements for the three identifiedemployees. 4Evaluate whether the organisational structure is appropriate forenabling employees to work together in effect 5Judge the effectiveness of the different working arrangements of thethree identified employees 6Suggest and justify flexible working arrangements for them that thebusiness might strike in the future 6In Unit 2-Theme A my coursework was based on Cummins UK. For the restof Unit 2 I will base my coursework on Sonora Foods Ltd.Sonora Foods Ltd.Describe how Sonora Foods L td is organisedSonora Foods produce the following products Tortillas, Nacho Bites,Tacos, Burritos, Wraps and Seasoning Bl block offs. Sonora Foods is dividedinto four teams. These are senior Management Team, Operations Team,Finance Team, Hygiene Team and the Technical Team. All these teamshave a managers and team leaders to go forward each department runnelsmoothly.The operations staff at Sonora Food are organised to work withdifferent shifts. These are day shift, 40 hours a week (7am-4pm). afternoon shift, 35 hours a week (4pm-mid darkness) and night shift, 32.5hours a week (midnight-7am). These are the shifts and working hoursfor the operatives. The wage is 5.35 during the day and rises to 10for staff working on the night shift. This is how the operatives areorganised, this has been successful for Sonora as all the operativesare happy with the arrangements allocated to their jobs. Operativesare the employees who are based on the production floor to produce thegoods and keep the production line up and running smoothly throughoutthe day. All the four teams have an organisational chart. There aretwo types of organisational charts which businesses use. Theyre flatstructure and tall structure. Tall structures have lots of layers,which represent the difference in jobs and how much work is needed todo each one. The jobs at the top end of the chart will be managers anddirectors, these jobs will pay more than the jobs lower down thechart. Flat structures have fewer layers and are more used in smallerbusinesses. These have the higher staff at the top then a largernumber of staff who are working with different jobs, plainly these jobsare at the same level of priority and rate of pay.

Hunger Exam :: essays research papers

The Disturbing Elements of Knut Hamsens HungerOne of the closely disturbing novels in existence writes epoch proscribed magazine on the 1890 novel Hunger. This criticism seems extreme considering the nature of more modern texts people nowadays consume books full of gore and lewd sex. disrespect this recent trend in fiction, Knut Hamsens Hunger continues to strike a cord with its readers. As Time Outs quote suggests, this continuity is due(p) to the books disturbing theme. Hunger disturbs the way people often assume a human would be brace while in the depths of povertys grasp. The text disturbs the common concept that, if a man is desperate he will ignore his vanity and decency for the opportunity to escape his situation. The virtuoso is himself achingly hungry when a man begs him to spare a bit of money to buy a meal. One would likely adopt that the famished assistant would consider his aver eat before anothers. This however, is not the case.I engendernt eaten a thing s ince yesterday in Drammen, the man said. I dont have an ore and I still cant find work. (8). After a bit of trivial dialogue, the protagonist responds to the beggars statement, Wait here a few minuets, and Ill see if I cant find something for you, a little something at least. He says. (9). The protagonist goes on to pawn his own waistcoat in order to appease his comrades hunger. While it is true that a dish out of the money brought in by the waistcoat the protagonist used to purchase his own meager food, the fact remains that the majority of the coins were given away. If taken at face value, the exchange was a simple move of kindness but, if one were to dig deeper the contribution if found to have been made out of pride. The protagonist was eminent that a man had perceived him as a person who had the means to donate a meal. For the character to have admitted that he was just hungry himself would have effectively dashed the pride that he so savored. Pride that to the protagonist was worth the value of a hungry mans meal.The narrators stubborn pride is highlighted shortly after the old passage. As he wanders about the early morning streets his shabby blanket in tow, the mans mind wanders. What would people think of me? So I walked along trying to think of someplace where it would be safe until later.Hunger Exam essays research papers The Disturbing Elements of Knut Hamsens HungerOne of the most disturbing novels in existence writes Time Out magazine on the 1890 novel Hunger. This criticism seems extreme considering the nature of more modern texts people now consume books full of gore and lewd sex. Despite this recent trend in fiction, Knut Hamsens Hunger continues to strike a cord with its readers. As Time Outs quote suggests, this continuity is due to the books disturbing theme. Hunger disturbs the way people often assume a man would behave while in the depths of povertys grasp. The text disturbs the common concept that, if a man is desperate he will i gnore his pride and decency for the opportunity to escape his situation. The protagonist is himself achingly hungry when a man begs him to spare a bit of money to buy a meal. One would likely presume that the famished protagonist would consider his own breakfast before anothers. This however, is not the case.I havent eaten a thing since yesterday in Drammen, the man said. I dont have an ore and I still cant find work. (8). After a bit of trivial dialogue, the protagonist responds to the beggars statement, Wait here a few minuets, and Ill see if I cant find something for you, a little something at least. He says. (9). The protagonist goes on to pawn his own waistcoat in order to appease his comrades hunger. While it is true that a portion of the money brought in by the waistcoat the protagonist used to purchase his own meager food, the fact remains that the majority of the coins were given away. If taken at face value, the exchange was a simple gesture of kindness but, if one were to dig deeper the contribution if found to have been made out of pride. The protagonist was proud that a man had perceived him as a person who had the means to donate a meal. For the character to have admitted that he was just hungry himself would have effectively dashed the pride that he so savored. Pride that to the protagonist was worth the value of a hungry mans meal.The narrators stubborn pride is highlighted shortly after the previous passage. As he wanders about the early morning streets his shabby blanket in tow, the mans mind wanders. What would people think of me? So I walked along trying to think of someplace where it would be safe until later.

Computers Cause Laziness :: Technology

Looking around at daily life, I noticed a pattern of computer oriented devices that make life easier. While I do agree with faster production and less work, I can not allow this degenerative spiral of laziness to continue, it is out of control. These devices are in most daily activities ranging from waking up to an alarm clock to watching the intelligence agency before going to bed. All of these computerized facets of our society help to increase our daily productivity and help us do whatever it is we impoverishment to accomplish in the day in the easiest way possible. The computer age is upon us and it will continue to grow in influence until society revolves around it daily, without any need for improvement. .In somebodyal computers, the industry has been creating faster machines that can store more information than before. For example, speed, the microprocessor has been tweaked to perform high rates of data transactions. What this means for the average person is that we can be much more productive in a day than the average person 50 years ago. to allow faster hook-up to the Internet, lineament optic lines have been added, to transfer data about 35,714,285 times faster than conventional phone lines (about 28,000 bits per second has been pushed to about 1,000,000,000,000 bits per second). This whitethorn seem ridiculous to you exclusively if you stop and think how many lazy people get on-line every day to order movies, pizza, and do there E-bay all from the comfort of category you will see that this is not only ridiculous but scandalous and down right insane.As speed enhances, memory and storage space is need to hold excess information. Double data rate three, synchronous dynamic random access memory or DDR3 SDRAM is a new, faster memory mental faculty that helps transfer RAM data about 80 times faster than normal RAM. For long term storage of large amounts of data, hard drives have been chthonic a constant upgrade of performance, and it is not uncomm on to find hard drives about 300 gigabytes to 1 terabyte on the market. One terabyte may not sound like a lot of space to you so to give you an example its like having the ability of storing 13 million movies on your computer or 26.7 million songs and its all to keep you fat lazy and dumb.Along with technology, an ease of use factor has been instilled in the modern day PCs so its easier for the elderly and the toddlers to use.

College Party Life Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing

College Party Life College parties at JMU, both on campus and off-specifically off-campus, may seem a mish mash of little planning, teenage hormones, beer induced pandemonium and the new found freedom, for virtually at least, from ones parents. This however is just a superficial observation. The college party scene at JMU is highly ritualized, even regimented. According to your brotherly status, the people you know, activities you are involved (mainly sports), and the way you look, act, and dress all affect your experience of a college party. The universal party night for students is Saturday, JMU students being no exception. For more or less students at Madison, the week is wrought with worry and toil over books, notes, classes, and exams. One reason to explain why parties sometimes get the way they do, is that Saturday night for students is a catharsis, all the pressure that students feel can be forgotten and they can act freely in what they feel is a worry-free env ironment. For me, Saturday Party Time (SPT) starts approximately anywhere from 8 to 10 that night. The time depends on what kind of party is planned, a very large dance party, or a smaller quieter get-together of some member of the Cross Country Team. In order to get to where I always party, Pheasant Run, I have to blast the bus. This is where the night really starts. If I take the bus at 8, I am usually one of only a handful of people on the bus. Usually I go at 10, though, and it is quite evident that a party is going on somewhere. By ten Saturday night there are usually over a degree centigrade students waiting at the bus stop. I dont even bother dressing up I prefer jeans and a tee-shirt with a span of worn sneakers and a hoody with a hole in the back of it. I am no... ...d gender status (Robbins 2002 175-78). Females dress in revealing ways so as to become more desirable, thus they not only spend an inordinate amount of time choosing clothing, but also in person fertilisation and accessorizing. In this way, females present themselves as targets, to be picked up, taken, and/or dominated by the males. This is also reinforced by the method of dancing that is currently popular among party -goers. The positioning of the male and female, in which the male puts his hands on the female and is able to control her movements with his body shows the acceptance of male dominance and the subordination of females, at least in sexual and dating matters. This is an example of social stratification by gender (Robbins 2002 216). Women are made to do an inordinate amount of movement and preparation for Saturday night, only to be taken control of by males.

Improving Our Ability to Make Decisions Essay -- Decision Making Proce

Decision-Making Process Improving Our Ability to Make DecisionFacing a situation, you lose to decide. For example, the fire surrounds you What do you do? Jump through the windows and risk to kill yourself or to wait the firemen and risk to be burned to death if they come to tardily? Every decision that we make or dont make shapes our future. Everyone tries to make expert decisions. However, it is easy to overlook an important factor, miss a preferable option, or base the decision on unreliable information. In addition, fear of making a wrong choice can cause someone to put back decisions, leading to miss opportunities. A businessperson must have the ability to make decisions under the pressure of time and circumstances. This ability needs a good knowledge of the decision making process.From a practical point-of-view, of the most important human skills is decision-making. Both at a personal level and in context of organizations, decision-making skill strongly affects the quality of life and success. Decision-making is the process by which a person or group recognizes a choice, gathers information, analyzes the data, and determines the best option to choose. The decision-making process employs extravagantly levels of critical thinking skills and problem-solving techniques. Decisions are guided by several factors, primarily the significance of the issue, the impact the decision may have, and the persons or groups morals and cultural norms. For little significant decisions that have little impact, people might not invoke the higher thinking skills that theorists expect (Decision-Making 2015). Flipping a coin, hoping for a miraculous sign, following the crowd, or by passing the responsibility to someone else are all factor of making decisions. For more(prenominal) important decisions with greater impact, people often employ more advanced thought processes like those demonstrated in decision-making models by social psychologists and behaviorists. Most theori es accept the idea that decision-making consists of a number of steps or stages such(prenominal) as improving creativity, critical thinking skills, and problem solving techniques. It is well recognized that routine cognitive processes such as memory, reasoning, and concept formation symbolise a primary role in decision-making (Decision-Making 2015). Leaders know in their gut that creativity and innovation are the life blood of their o... ...d are rarely subject to critical review. As a result, managers frequently have a difficult time improving their decision-making capacity.Good business decisions are the heart of a successful organization. Without a process decisions may be made by the most powerful or influential person in the group or not made at all. Good decision-making is a balance between getting the most of what we want with as little risk as possible. It means that we include the right people and use a process that encourages participation while keeping or focus clearly on the decision at hand. This allows people to make the decision with a high degree of confidence and efficiency.Works CitedCritical Thinking Skills. (2015). Web. March 7, 2015 http//www.everesttraining.comDecision-Making. (2015). Web. March 7, 2015 http//tip.psychology.org/decisionProblem resolving power and Decision Making. (2015). Web. March 8, 2015 http//www.cob.tamucc.edu/rallen/ Tubbs, S.L. (2004) A Systems Approach to Small Group Interaction. New York McGraw-Hill Publishing Corporation. Welch, D. (2001). Decisions, Decisions The Art of Effective Decision Making New York State. Prometheus Books.

Improving Our Ability to Make Decisions Essay -- Decision Making Proce

Decision-Making Process Improving Our Ability to Make DecisionFacing a situation, you have to decide. For example, the fire surrounds you What do you do? Jump through and through the windows and risk to kill yourself or to wait the firemen and risk to be burned to death if they come to late? Every decision that we make or get intot make shapes our future. Everyone tries to make good decisions. However, it is easy to overlook an important factor, miss a desirable option, or base the decision on perfidious information. In addition, fear of making a wrong choice can cause someone to postpone decisions, leading to miss opportunities. A businessperson moldiness have the ability to make decisions under the pressure of time and circumstances. This ability needs a good knowledge of the decision making offshoot.From a possible point-of-view, of the most important human skills is decision-making. Both at a personal level and in context of organizations, decision-making skill strongly affec ts the quality of life and success. Decision-making is the process by which a person or group recognizes a choice, gathers information, analyzes the data, and determines the best option to choose. The decision-making process employs proud levels of critical thinking skills and bother-solving techniques. Decisions be guided by several factors, primarily the significance of the issue, the impact the decision may have, and the persons or groups morals and cultural norms. For less significant decisions that have little impact, people powerfulness not invoke the higher thinking skills that theorists expect (Decision-Making 2015). Flipping a coin, hoping for a miraculous sign, following the crowd, or by passing the responsibility to someone else are all means of making decisions. For more important decisions with greater impact, people often employ more advanced thought processes like those demonstrated in decision-making models by social psychologists and behaviorists. Most theories accept the idea that decision-making consists of a number of steps or stages such as improving creativity, critical thinking skills, and problem solving techniques. It is well recognized that routine cognitive processes such as memory, reasoning, and concept formation play a primary role in decision-making (Decision-Making 2015). leaders know in their gut that creativity and innovation are the life blood of their o... ...d are seldom subject to critical review. As a result, managers much have a difficult time improving their decision-making capacity.Good business decisions are the heart of a successful organization. Without a process decisions may be made by the most powerful or influential person in the group or not made at all. Good decision-making is a balance between getting the most of what we want with as little risk as possible. It means that we include the right people and use a process that encourages participation while keeping or focus clearly on the decision at hand. T his allows people to make the decision with a high degree of confidence and efficiency.Works CitedCritical Thinking Skills. (2015). Web. March 7, 2015 http//www.everesttraining.comDecision-Making. (2015). Web. March 7, 2015 http//tip.psychology.org/decisionProblem Solving and Decision Making. (2015). Web. March 8, 2015 http//www.cob.tamucc.edu/rallen/ Tubbs, S.L. (2004) A Systems Approach to splendid Group Interaction. New York McGraw-Hill Publishing Corporation. Welch, D. (2001). Decisions, Decisions The Art of Effective Decision Making New York State. Prometheus Books.

Reaction About The National Sports and Physical Education Association Standards

The matter Sports and Physical facts of life Association (NASPE) came up with the 3rd edition of the National Guidelines and Standards for the Physical Education teacher Education (PETE) which provides programs with guidance on the 2008 Initial and Advanced national somatic precept instructor training standards. Below are the INITIAL PETE Standards and reply or view about each category 1. Scientific and Theoretical Knowledge. Physical education teacher candidates know and apply discipline-specific scientific and theoretical concepts full of life to the development of physic everyy educated individuals.This standard assures that the teacher candidate has the scientific bases which could explain the concepts critical to the progress of an individual. The elements which must be done by the teacher started in describing and applying the scientific concepts related to the movement, physical activity and fitness, followed by identifying historical, philosophical and social perspectiv es of physical education issues and legislation, then lastly, analysing motor skills and performance concepts. It is very measurable for the teacher to know what he is teaching to the learners.This will help the teacher find ways on how to attack or target and plan for a physical fitness activity that is very effective and scientific. This is the most important thing to provide effective and purposeful program for physical education. 2. Skill-Based and Fitness-Based Competence. Physical education teacher candidates are physically educated individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to demonstrate competent movement performance and health-enhancing fitness as delineated in NASPEs K-12 Standards. later on having the knowledge about the bases of the concepts in developing physically educated individuals, a teacher candidate should also know how to demonstrate different movements and fitness activities. He must reach and maintain a health-enhancing level of fitness throughout t he program. This is important in conducting variety of physical activities and maintain the level of fitness. It also utter that there should be no discrimination among the persons with disabilities. Teacher candidates with special needs are encouraged to modify or use different ways in providing physical activities. . Planning and Implementation. Physical education teacher candidates plan and implement developmentally appropriate learning experiences aligned with local, state and national standards to address the assorted needs of all students.This refers to the ability of the teacher candidate in designing, planning, managing and implementing learning experiences. Teacher should provide a progressive activities to meet the needs of the learners, especially straight off there is an increasing number of persons with a poor- healthy lifestyle. . Instructional bringing and Management. Physical education teacher candidates use effective communication and pedagogical skills and stra tegies to call down student engagement and learning. A physical educator must possess an effective verbal and non- verbal communication skills to encourage them to participate and get concerned with all the planned physical activities. This is an effective avenue to promote fitness and wellness. A teacher who does not know how to communicate and deliver the competencies is not effective.Delivery and communication is a very important standard to make all the learners understand the importance of engaging to physical activities and enhance their abilities and skills. 5. Impact on bookman Learning. Physical education teacher candidates utilize assessments and reflection to foster student learning and to inform instructional decisions. This standard refers to the employment of assessment and evaluation of the physical fitness activities.The importance of the assessments and reflection is knowing how effective the designed program or activities. It is also important to identify which pa rt of the program needs to be improved and be adjusted. This helps the teacher to know the effect of the activities to the learners. 6. Professionalism. Physical Education teacher candidates demonstrate dispositions essential to becoming effective professionals. It is very important for the teacher to be a model of character/ behaviors, dignity and respect.Teacher must believe that all students can become a physically educated individuals. (REFERENCE 2008 National Initial Physical Education Teacher Education Standards National Association for Sport and Physical Education ) In general, NASPEs standards for the Physical Education Teacher Education will provide all the professional physical education teachers a guide and tool in achieving its mission- to enhance knowledge, improve professional practice, and accession support for high quality physical education, sport, and physical activity programs.Physical Education teachers must be aware of this standards to properly direct the lear ners. Sadly, not all physical educators are familiar with these standards. The reason why, especially in our country, Philippines they see physical education as a non- academic subject and always presumptuousness the less priority. As the head- teacher of our institution, I will make sure that all my physical education teacher will follow this standards.

Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr): Bangladesh Perspectives Essay

incarnate means formed into an association and endowed by law with the rights and liabilities of an individual. Social responsibility is an estimable ideology or theory that an entity, be it an organization or individual, has an obligation to act to benefit society- at- full-grown. This responsibility washbowl be passive, by avoiding engaging in socially harmful acts, or active, by performing activities that directly advance social goals. To stupefy a universally agreed definition of CSR is difficult if non impossible. Rather than adding to the futile debate on what elements constitute CSR, we choose to focus on the broader principles upheld by CSR.We view CSR as a universal air strategic imperative that apprise be localized to suit organizations contrast objectives. It is not a nous of one size fits all.A definition of CSR has come up in Bangladesh as a set of business pulls based on ethical norms and transp bency that contributes to the sustainable assumement of interna l and out-of-door stakeholder in the best interest of business, society and environment. While debate continues regarding elements that define CSR, fewer potbelly deny that CSR employment improves operational efficiency, increases standards and reliability in the supply chain, and positively affects employee motivation and faithfulness which, in turn, leads to greater productivity.Other drivers for companies to engage their stakeholders include the incident that CSR practice strengthens a businesss license to operate. By facilitating services needed in the community in which a familiarity is seeking entry, CSR practice often enables the company to gain popularity with its customer base, which, in turn, leads to increase sales or safekeeping of market sh are.It is important to note, however, that CSR practice is not exclusively for the large companies neither is it only for those whose concerns are in the export business. Such common misperceptions need quick rectification, particularly in Bangladesh, where all businesses, both large and small, can enhance their competitiveness through greater adoption and implementation of CSR. By embracing the determine of CSR, the Bangladesh private empyrean can send a square signal to the global market that they are discharging their commitments to society. Failing to do so voluntarily unavoidably leads to adverse external pressure, often with much strict guidelines and beneath extremely tight timelines. The ticker volition help the private arena be to a greater extent proactive rather than reactive.CSR practice in Bangladesh is a relatively wise phenomenon and is often misperceived as philanthropy or charity. Also, very often, there is a free lack of integration of CSR with core business strategy. Perhaps the superior challenge in CSR implementation is the fact that CSR practice is perceived by many an(prenominal) as a cost a threat rather than as a business opportunity. There is also a lack of qu ality data and resources to develop a business case for CSR and enable the private sector to relate better by learning from peers.It is these observations and learning that led us to develop the CSR concentrate Concept. Through the focalize, we hope to make available better products and tools that will increase awareness on CSR practice benefits, and will also help quantify the intangibles of CSR. By championing CSR down the stairs a specialized institutionalized framework, we hope that the CSR Centre will have greater economic impact and value addition that have so far eluded business in Bangladesh.It is very true that few of us have the luxury of committing additional resources to new initiatives. That is where the benefits of CSR come to the fore. CSR is about partnerships and sharing resources, and is not limited to just monetary commitments. Partnerships based on law principles, where businesses can reach out to others with complementary strengths, is a cornerstone of good CSR practice. Through much(prenominal) resource collaborations, businesses can rise up long term win-win solutions to involved problems, expand their network and find new business opportunities in an increasingly competitive world, and, more importantly, free up resources to concentrate on core competencies.strategic CSR practices, consistently applied in Bangladesh, will improve the general competitiveness of the private sector vis--vis global competition, as thoroughly as develop Bangladeshs international image as a responsible global manufacturer and service provider.Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as defined by the CSR Centre is a set of business practices based on ethical norms and transparency that contributes to the sustainable development of internal and external stakeholders in the best interest of business , society and the environment. While debate continues regarding elements that define CSR, few can deny that CSR practice improves operational efficiency, incr eases standards and reliability in the supply chain, and positively affects employee motivation and loyalty which, in turn, leads to greater productivity.Other drivers for companies to engage their stakeholders include the fact that CSR practice strengthens a businesss license to operate. By facilitating services needed in the community in which a company is seeking entry, CSR practice often enables the company to gain popularity with its customer base, which, in turn, leads to increase sales or retention of market share.It is important to note, however, that CSR practice is not exclusively for the large companies neither is it only for those whose concerns are in the export business. Such prevalent misperceptions need immediate rectification, particularly in Bangladesh, where all businesses, both large and small, can enhance their competitiveness through greater adoption and implementation of CSR. By embracing the values of CSR, the Bangladesh private sector can send a strong signa l to the global market that they are discharging their commitments to society. Failing to do so voluntarily inevitably leads to adverse external pressure, often with more strict guidelines and under extremely tight timelines. The Centre will help the private sector be more proactive rather than reactive.CSR practice in Bangladesh is a relatively new phenomenon and is often misperceived as philanthropy or charity. Also, very often, there is a clear lack of integration of CSR with core business strategy. Perhaps the greatest challenge in CSR implementation is the fact that CSR practice is perceived by many as a cost a threat rather than as a business opportunity. There is also a lack of quality data and resources to develop a business case for CSR and enable the private sector to relate better by learning from peers.It is these observations and learning that led us to develop the CSR Centre Concept. Through the Centre, we hope to make available better products and tools that will in crease awareness on CSR practice benefits, and will also help quantify the intangibles of CSR. By championing CSR under a specialized institutionalized framework, we hope that the CSR Centre will have greater economic impact and value addition that have so far eluded business in Bangladesh.It is very true that few of us have the luxury of committing additional resources to new initiatives. That is where the benefits of CSR come to the fore. CSR is about partnerships and sharing resources, and is not limited to just financial commitments. Partnerships based on equity principles, where businesses can reach out to others with complementary strengths, is a cornerstone of good CSR practice. Through such resource collaborations, businesses can find long term win-win solutions to complex problems, expand their network and find new business opportunities in an increasingly competitive world, and, more importantly, free up resources to concentrate on core competencies.Strategic CSR practices , consistently applied in Bangladesh, will improve the general competitiveness of the private sector vis--vis global competition, as well as develop Bangladeshs international image as a responsible global manufacturer and service provider.Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) when defined at this age of changes world over is a set of business practices based on ethical norms and transparency that contributes to the sustainable development of business and society where environment is being built-in as an essential element. While debate continues regarding elements that define CSR, few can deny that CSR practice improves operational efficiency, increases standards and reliability in the supply chain, and positively affects employee motivation and loyalty, which, in turn, leads to greater productivity. For such reasons the term stakeholders is being redefined to include all the apparent external stakeholders. Because of the inclusion of environment into CSR, even the bottled water busi nesses are now under threat to abandon the plastic bottles and the petroleum companies are under threat to find out alternative energy sources.For companies to engage all their stakeholders, internal and external include the fact that CSR practice strengthens a businesss license to operate. By facilitating services needed in the community in which a company is seeking entry, CSR practice often enables the company to gain popularity with its customer base, which, in turn, leads to change magnitude sales or retention of market share. Business Executives and leaders are being encountered in Talk Shows as to how they are reinventing their corporate missions to combat clime change, give back to local communities, communicate in an age of Facebook, blogs and they cannot opt for the option to remain unspoken.In Bangladesh, a global food conglomerate near has some operations but zero stakes in bottled water business though this particular company has about 50% share in this particular bu siness in some of the countries of the world. Under their CSR practice in Bangladesh, as it is understood they have drilled a Deep well in Gazipore, Dhaka and built a water storage tank in order to serve the local habitation with water. By providing free water to the surround community, from a deep tube well they are virtually laying the foundation of their future bottled water business.Therefore, this free supply by a company is not free in fact. Same nest was assailed by environmental activists on Facebook and Twitter globally for business practices that contribute to deforestation within weeks, Nestle had announced a partnership with an independent non-profit, somewhere in the world to eliminate its dependence on unsustainable forest products. Internet with social media facebook and twitter already revolutionized our social communications not only at local level but also globally for day-to-day changes in a complex domain of urbanization, globalization, commercialization togeth er with reshape-up of regulations world over.In this age of gradually reducing Government stake in businesses world over, businesses are taking up the responsibilities by way of commercialization of public goods. Alongside tap waters, people are taking bottled waters on base Ramna Park, people are using Nandan Park alongside free roads, people are being pursued to get prepared for Toll Roads, instead of partly export oriented units investors are being incite for setting up cent percent exporting units. Instead of 100% local investments a free flow of factors of productions including both labour and capital (such as inflow and outflow of Foreign Direct Investments) world over is in demand which would gradually help a reduction of dependence upon the systems of Governments. With development of a consumer-base, investors are being motivated to invest in locally marketable products with surplus only to export.Moreover, there is a growing concern over environmental degradation world ov er endangering human habitation on the earth so the emerging comparative systems of economics and social transformations are incorporating environment as an important element for socio-economic proportion. Bangladesh as well as whole of the deltaic region on the southern side of Himalaya is under a threat due to ever-changing water flows in the down streams of Himalayas caused by increased melting of ice in Himalayas as well as landslide causing movements of billions of tons of silts towards downstream. architectonic plates in the north and south of Himalayas are in clash at the point in line of Himalayas, which is threatening habitation in entire southeast Asia, down not only flow of silts and changing flows of water streams, but also series of earthquakes ranging from mild to severe are going to take place. It is not a threat to a particular country like Bangladesh but to the whole region.Therefore, it will have to be addressed in CSR practices. In Bangladesh, the companies are d irectly, involved in CSR practices alongside independent organizations formed by volunteers who are being aided by the corporate. National budget of Bangladesh of fiscal 2011-12 created provisions for tax-deductible contributions under CSR. Similar provisions exist in countries around the world. CSR activities are always non-partisan around the world to help advancement of holistic and free play of thoughts and actions in a pluralistic social framework.It is important to note, however, that CSR practice is not exclusively for the large companies neither is it only for those whose concerns are in the export business. Such prevalent misperceptions need immediate adaptation, particularly in Bangladesh, where all businesses, both large and small, can enhance their competitiveness through greater adoption and implementation of CSR. By embracing the values of CSR, the Bangladesh private sector can send a strong signal to the global market that they are discharging their commitments to soc iety. Failing to do so voluntarily inevitably leads to adverse external pressure, often with more strict guidelines and under extremely tight timelines. This is a situation, in which the private sector needs to be more proactive rather than reactive. Particularly in the area of housing/habitation in industrial cluster zones, the CSR should contribute by building high-rise dormitories through trade bodies. This will help strengthening of local Bangladesh Taka in view of the demand for wage-hikes.CSR practice in Bangladesh is a relatively new phenomenon and is prone to frequent misperceptions as philanthropy or charity. In addition, very often, there is a clear lack of integration of CSR with core business strategy. Nestls case has shown this but others are yet to follow the same. Perhaps the greatest challenge in CSR implementation is the fact that CSR practice is perceived by many as a cost, a sort of threat rather than as a business opportunity. Nestls case as enunciated is a goo d specimen of CSR. From which it is clear that CSR does not only implies cost but also lays the foundation of business. There is a lack of quality data and resources to develop a business case for CSR and enable the private sector to relate better by learning from peers. It is necessary for businesses to assimilate data from all over such as the one of Nestle. Global changes in post Washington consensus era are giving the messages of corporate leadership for societal changes as the days of governments, on the points of views are over.It is very true that few of us have the luxury of committing additional resources to new initiatives. That is where the benefits of CSR come to the fore. CSR is about partnerships and sharing resources, and is not limited to just financial commitments. Partnerships based on equity principles, where businesses can reach out to others with complementary strengths, is a cornerstone of good CSR practice. Through such resource collaborations, businesses can find long-term win-win solutions to complex problems expand their network and find new business opportunities in an increasingly competitive world, and, more importantly, free up resources to concentrate on core competencies.Strategically drawn CSR practices, consistently applied in Bangladesh, will improve the general competitiveness of the private sector vis--vis global competition, as well as develop Bangladeshs international image as a responsible global manufacturer and service provider.

Norwegian cruise line

In the 1980s, we saw an entertaining TV serial, The Love Boat, that shows us how beautiful the yacht is and what romance the passenger might have. In addition, almost a century ago, in 1912, we also witness that the Titanic, the biggest passenger ship in the beginning of 20th century sank during the journey between capital of France and New York, in which 1,503 people lost their lives. From the two stories above, we learn that yacht or cruise line have been in the business for decades.Their target markets, as their luxurious ships suggest, are those who enjoy a journey in the sea and are willing to pay a considerably high price for the comfort. To attend such customers demands, the cruise line owner should provide a first-class service including the workers, foods and beverages, entertainments, and the cruise line itself. According to one report, the cruise line manufacturing is a fifteen billion dollar homowide business and it continues to grow at a rapid pace. Between January 2001 and December 2005, the cruising industry adds their fleet with all over fifty ships.While there are tens to hundreds cruising companies, in this paper, we will only focus the discussion on Norwegian sheet Lines (NCL). Concerning the NCL, we will discuss about ground of NCL, its offerings and differentiation strategies, global cruise market, pricing competition, competitors, and financial analysis. At the end, we will provide conclusion that describe the competitiveness of Norwegian Cruise Line in the cruising industry. 2. Norwegian Cruise Line.2. 1 Company Background Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) is a 40-year old cruse line that originates from Miami, Florida in the U. S. Unlike other cruise line companies, NCL asserts that they offer distinctive services that guests/customers would not get from other cruise line companies. The so-called freestyle cruise line becomes the companys rag week line and perceived quality. The companys business principle is to encourage innovation i n all aspects of cruise line services. That principle guides the company to put down several awards and the first company records in some aspects as following ? The initiatory Caribbean cruise ? Provide the First Internet cafe at sea.The First cruise line that has childrens programs ? The First. cruise line to provide Freestyle Cruising ? The first cruise line that has WiFi connection ? Provide the first bowling alley at sea (NCL Corporation, 2007 Our Company) 2. 2 Offerings and Differentiation strategies In order to keep alive in Cruise industry that has hundreds of players (cruise lines), a company may have to be perceived different from the rests. The situation also occurs for Norwegian Cruise line, a Miami (Florida USA) cruise line that becomes one of well-known cruise line in the U. S. collectible to unique offerings.The unique offerings called Freestyle where guests can choose services they want. The freestyle services come in many forms such as freestyle dining where cus tomers can select 13 different restaurants on a single ship, freestyle fund where guests can experience many kinds of entertainment and fun activities like bowling, jogging, hiking, surfing, and spa, to name a few (NCL Corporation, 2007 freestyle) 2. 3 Global Cruise Market Hospitality industry is a business dealing with the provisions of food, beverages, and accommodation.According to one research, the industry is found to be the fastest suppuration industry in the world surpassing manufacturing and banking. In addition to airlines and restaurants business, one of branches in hospitality industry is Cruise Lines industry. Burke (2000) said that the cruise industry had maintained good performance within the past decades for two reasons ? Cruise lines industry always show astonishing records in the offspring of passengers who sail the cruises.In 1998 alone, the number of passengers was over five million passengers with occupancy rates about 91 percent. ? The industry continues main tains astounding growth rate about 10 percent per annum (Burke, 2000) The Cruise Industry started in 1960s as a merely leisure cruising. During its first years, the industry grew enormously. By the 1980s the big cruise companies already constructing larger ships and the smaller companies trying to compete by acquiring second hand ships.In the 1990s the cruise companies built post-Panamax ships, the ships weigh over 100. 000 tons and apparently excessively large to pas trough the Panama Canal. The largest market for the cruise industry is from the North America where Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) exists. The other prospective market is European. In 2001, The North American Market consists of 7 million cruise passenger (72 % of world demand), 1. 9 million passenger originated from Europe (20 % of world demand) and 800. 000 passenger (8 % of world demand) are from Asia. For the last 5 years, the industry has grown faster than any other types of vocations.Continuous growth from years to come is expected to be 8 to 20 % of current market (Commission, 2002). 2. 4 Pricing Strategies of of Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) Competitors 2. 4. 1 Carnival Corporation (CCL) CCL is a company run in the cruise ship industry. It provides cruise vacations leisure travels and sightseeing packages to customers worldwide. During 2004 the company has built 11 new ships. By February 2005, the company owned 77 cruise ships operating under 12 cruise brands (Eidam, 2004).

Literacy Narrative Essay

Throughout my childhood, the idea of having a college education was greatly stressed. As a result, it was my duty as the next generational child, to excel in my studies and achieve a life of prosperity and success. Learning became the basic foundation of my growth. Therefore, my youth was overtaken by many hours fagged tuition and writing what was kn avow to be correct Standard English. I first found this to be a great shortcoming, but as I grew older, I began to realize the many rewards acquired by having the ability to be literate.During adolescence, I began reading and writing through a fundamental learning program c al cardinaled, Hooked on Phonics. This program consisted of long hours spent reading short allegorys and writing elementary phrases which were commonly taught in the second and third grade. With the motto, Improve your childs reading and writing skills in equitable four weeks I was bound to become the next Mark Twain. The method of this course specialized in the improvements of word acquisition rates as well as reading speed however, it lacked in the area of teaching comprehension.At a young age, I was instilled with the dire need to be highly better and although I was unable to experience a fun and adventurous childhood like many other children, I am grateful for being increase with a greater knowledge and wisdom than that ingrained in many. From my past experiences, I have grown to prefer reading over writing. When I am reading, I can visualize the text in any appearance that I see fit. It is almost as if I am rewriting the novel using the illusions that I feel express the linguistic process in a passage.For example, in the current independent novel I am reading, it portrays a muliebrity of high stature who is able to lure men in, like a hunter does its prey, and feed on their weaknesses. When I am reading this phrase I automatically visualize a fisherman trying to catch a fish using his worms as bait. Although this illustration ha s no reference to the novel, it is the picture that I chose to use, depicting the woman and her way of getting what she wants. As the audience, I have control over what I am reading and can express myself in any way that I would like, without having to worry about what society thinks of my views and opinions.Unlike reading, when writing, it is important that grammar, spelling and vocabulary terms are used correctly, therefore close me from writing in the way that I would prefer. The most stressed phrase while in high school was, It is not the content of the essay, but kind of the mechanics of grammar and speech that are most prominent. Unfortunately, I have never been unrivaled to enjoy the art of writing. In particular, I was recently given a diagnostic test, determining at which level I write and whether or not I should be upgraded to a higher achieving English class.Unfortunately, I did not pass the test with flying colors. This was not due to the fact that I am incapable of writing a good paper, but rather that I am unable to write in a limited amount of time, using the emphasized principles of correct grammar, vocabulary and spelling. In the reading, Shitty First Drafts, by author Anne Lamott, it is a fact that in order to write a brilliant paper, a first draft must be created. According to Lamott, The alone way I can get anything write at all is to write really, really shitty first drafts, all writers write them. (94) This is a plagiarize in which I can relate being that in order for me to begin a final draft, I must first have written a first draft, usually one that is in absolute disarray. From here I can begin my journey into the final essay. This is one reason why my diagnostic writing was so disorganized I didnt prepare any sort of rough draft to guide me through the writing processes, which necessarily lead to my remaining semester in Writing 01 instead of Writing 10. Writing is an area that requires very much preparation and efficiency, ultimately resulting in my reluctance to write provided for the heck of it.Overall, writing is too complex It is rather important to be well-rounded in the aspects of reading and writing. Our country is built on the belief that English is one of the greatest talking tos of the world and without it anything properly called thought is impossible. Although there are many types of different cultures in America, in order for us to communicate, it is greatly emphasized that we all have the ability to speak and write in the same language. For instance, if I were to visit a foreign country, it would be to my benefit to speak the same language as others.This same principle is being stressed in America today. As foreigners migrate to America, they have an obligation to learn the culture, speech and skill, learned by other American citizens and use them to their own advantage as a mean to get ahead in life. It has become a proven fact that in order to succeed in America-with a number of rela tively minor although often highly visible exceptions-it is important to speak, read, and understand English as most Americans speak it. It is also a fact that people who dont learn to speakStandard English have a much more difficult time achieving job and career success. An example of this theory is found in the short story titled, Talking in the New Land, by Edite Cunha. Edite and her family are a valid example of how, speaking one language which is culturally different than that of the common language can be a loss in the long run. Throughout the story Edite and her family struggled to communicate because they had no knowledge of how to convey their issues to others. According to Edite, I looked at her blankly, not knowing what to say.What was a kind Security number? (549) As a result, her father was unable to collect on his unemployment and they failed to pay their rent. This is largely due to their inability to speak the English language. In any event, Edite had no choice ot her than to begin her lessons in learning Standard English for the sake of her and her family. The American language, commonly referred to as Standard English, is one of the most widespread languages in the world and therefore has become a tool that can help people of different backgrounds communicate with one another.It bestows a motive that is almost invaluable, a power which allows us to have our own views, opinions and preferences. It gives us the freedom of speech, (The First Amendment) which inevitably allows us to express our ideas and thoughts in each fashion possible, without having to gain permission from the rest of society. There are many connections between my reading experience and the power of language. I am given the power to read in the privacy of my own home without the interruptions of others.Therefore, I am able to read aloud and gain an understanding of the text, without having an audience to critique my reading skills. I am given the power to express my opini ons and views without having to debate why I had that sort of reaction to the reading. Lastly, I can read at my own pace. I have no obligation to read speedily in order to seem as though I have no complications with the words in the text. In my opinion, people should be given the right to speak and read in any language that they wish.Although, it may benefit them to be inner in the speech that is being taught and spoken in the common country, everyone has their own cultural background and each has the right to be literate in the way that they desire. They were given the right to freedom of speech through the First Amendment of the Bill of Rights and therefore, have the right to speak in their own native language. Literacy plays a major role in the lives of humans today. It gives us the power to read, speak and write and is therefore a valuable asset to society and the development of its economy.

Chemistry Extra Credit

Tim Bruce The subject that I will be focusing on through the course of this extra recognise paper, is one about the combination of Aerospace Engineering and Chemistry. Chose this particular topic because of my future life goals. Which include getting a degree in aerospace applied science. Also became fire while researching for this paper in a particular sub topic of the TV which is called aerodynamicists.Aerodynamicists is the study of gases which takes into storey the effect of motion, heat, and chemical changes. Which is important to the field of aerospace engineering in the fact that aerospace engineers design aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and missiles. In addition, they test prototypes to make sure that they function according to design. So you can see how the two connect. But just now what kind of chemical science is involved?Obviously chemistry is deep rooted into Aerospace technology. Aerodynamicists primarily focuses on molecular interactions at typically high Mach Numbers, such as that seen in a combustion chamber of a rocket or that of a reentry vehicle. So although aerospace engineering is typically design and building oriented you would utterly need a chemists back round when thinking about these types of things. Anything involving materials and processes also involves chemistry.Examples include, failure analysis of microcircuit packaging contaminant analysis, corrosion problems, electroplating and conversion conclusion problems, paint adhesion problems, thermoses polymer failures, evaluation of urological and thermal properties of prepares, adhesives, laminates and Adair absorbing coatings, soldering problems, firing pin failures, surface cleaning, alloy analysis, and process tank analysis. All of which are wrong the aerospace field.But these are only a small amount of connections that Aerospace engineering and chemistry have together. But as stated before in the examples we see that include was a lot of rockets and when you think of r ockets many will break away to think about NASA- Now NASA has been synonymous with space travel since its creation. But few tend to recognize he men behind the scene, when they see a space shuttle take off into orbit.The men and women of Aerospace engineering need to take into account not only the rocket but also the astronauts that pilot the space craft. When designing these machines, biological and chemical actions that will take place in the astronauts bodies. For good example what kind of chemical changes might happen to our bodies while piloting this space craft or how to limit the amount of g force put on the pilots as they take off and many many more factors.This diagram, although very simple to what aerospace engineers use, gives you a look into how many factors such as altitude, angle, speed, and maneuver conviction effects g force. So as you can see chemistry is deeply involved in the field of aerospace engineering. But not only that chemistry is involved in everything we do. It is everything, and everywhere.

Home Depot Analysis

al-Qaeda term 2010 financial Report For pecuniary year stop January30, 2011 (fiscal 2010), seat pole reported Net payment of $3. 3 one million million million and Diluted Earnings per divvy up of $2. 01 comp ard to Net Earnings of $2. 7billion and Diluted Earnings per Sh are of $1. 57 for fiscal year displaceed January31, 2010 (fiscal 2009). The results for fiscal 2010 included a $51 million pretax cite related to to the extension of our guarantee of a senior secured loan of HD Supply, Inc. (the HD Supply Guarantee Extension). The results for fiscal 2009 reflected the impact of several strategical actions initiated in fiscal 2008.These strategic actions resulted in store rationalization gives related to the closing of 15 underperforming U. S. stores and the removal of approximately 50 stores from their new store pipe take in, business rationalization charges related to the waiver of our EXPO, THD Design Center, Yard birds and HD Bath businesses (the Exited Businesses) and charges related to the restructuring of support functions (collectively, the Rationalization Charges). These actions resulted in pretax Rationalization Charges of $146 million for fiscal 2009.The results for fiscal 2009 also included a pretax charge of $163 million to write-down our investment in HD Supply, Inc. Additionally, fiscal 2009 included earnings of $41 million from dis move operations, net of tax, for the settlement of working capital matters arising from the gross sales event of HD Supply. Home termination reported Earnings from Continuing Operations of $3. 3billion and Diluted Earnings per Share from Continuing Operations of $2. 01 for fiscal 2010 compared to Earnings from Continuing Operations of $2. 6billion and Diluted Earnings per Share from Continuing Operations of $1. 5 for fiscal 2009. Excluding the HD Supply Guarantee Extension charge from their fiscal 2010 results, and the Rationalization Charges and the write-down of their investment in HD Supply from th eir fiscal 2009 results, Earnings from Continuing Operations were $3. 4 billion and Diluted Earnings per Share from Continuing Operations were $2. 03 for fiscal 2010 compared to Earnings from Continuing Operations of $2. 8 billion and Diluted Earnings per Share from Continuing Operations of $1. 66 for fiscal 2009. Net Sales attachd 2. 8% to $68. 0billion for fiscal 2010 from $66. billion for fiscal 2009. Home poles comparable store sales increased 2. 9% in fiscal 2010, driven by a 2. 4% increase in their comparable store guest transactions and a 0. 5% increase in their comparable store fair(a) ticket to $51. 93. Comparable store sales for their U. S. stores increased 2. 5% in fiscal 2010. In fiscal 2010, Home Depot riveted on the fol smalling quatern key initiatives Customer Service Home Depots focus on guest service is anchored on the principles of taking care of their associates, putting customers first and simplifying the business.The roll out of their Customers FIRST trai ning to all store associates and support stave in fiscal 2009 has brought simplification and focus across the business, and they repeated and refreshed the Customers FIRST training during fiscal 2010. The Customers FIRST program is part of their ongoing fealty to improve customer service levels in their stores, and they continued to see the benefit of this training in improved customer service ratings for fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009. also in fiscal 2010, Home Depot completed the deployment of their FIRST Phone, a new hand held device that provides multiple functions much(prenominal) as list management, product location and mobile checkout. The core purpose of this new device is to reduce tasking time for their store associates to allow them more time to focus on customer service. Home Depot ended fiscal 2010 with more than half of their store payroll allocated to customer facing activities rather than tasking activities. They have a customer facing store payroll target of 60%, and they believe they go forth achieve that by 2013.Product Authority Our focus on product authority is facilitated by our merchandising transformation and portfolio strategy, including innovation, assortment and value. In fiscal 2010, we made signifi grasst progress on our merchandising tools in the U. S. that helped us manage markdown and clearance exercise and better control inventory. Our inventory turnover ratio was 4. 13 clock at the end of fiscal 2010 compared to 4. 06 times at the end of fiscal 2009. Additionally, we continued to form strategic alliances and relationships with selected suppliers to bring a number of proprietary and xclusive brands across a wide range of departments. Productivity and Efficiency Home Depots approach to driving productivity and efficiency starts with disciplined capital allocation focused on building best-in-class competitive advantages in information technology and generate chain, as well as building dish outholder value by dint of advanceder returns on invested capital and follow value returned to shareholders in the form of dividends and share repurchases. At the end of fiscal 2010, they completed the roll out of their Rapid Deployment Centers (RDCs) and now have 19 RDCs that serve 100% of their U. S. stores.Also during fiscal 2010, they repurchased 80. 9million shares for $2. 6 billion, and on February22, 2011 Home depot announced a six percent increase in their quarterly cash dividend to 25 cents per share. connect Retail Home Depots focus on interconnected retail is based on the view that providing a seamless shopping have intercourse across multiple channels will be a critical enabler for future success. Their multiple channel focus is allowing them to greatly expand their assortment of merchandise, and they are making the investment to build these capabilities, including the roll out of buy on-line, pick-up in store next year.Home depot is committed to having a best-in-class web set, and during f iscal 2010 their site was named as a Most Improved Website for customer satisfaction by Foresee, a leading customer satisfaction analytics firm. Home Depot opened ogdoad new stores in fiscal 2010, including one relocation, and closed three stores, bringing our total store count at the end of fiscal 2010 to 2,248. As of the end of fiscal 2010, a total of 272 of these stores, or 12. 1%, were located in Canada, Mexico and China compared to 268 stores, or 11. 9%, at the end of fiscal 2009. Home Depot generated approximately $4. billion of cash flow from operations in fiscal 2010. They used this cash flow along with cash on hand to computer memory $2. 6 billion of share repurchases, pay $1. 6billion of dividends and fund $1. 1 billion in capital expenditures. At the end of fiscal 2010, Home Depots long-term debt-to-equity ratio was 46. 1% compared to 44. 7% at the end of fiscal 2009. Their return on invested capital for continuing operations (computed on net operating profit after tax for the trailing twelve months and the reasonable of offset printing and ending long-term debt and equity) was 12. 8% for fiscal 2010 compared to 10. % for fiscal 2009. This increase reflects the impact of the Rationalization Charges which they included in their operating profit for fiscal 2009. Excluding the Rationalization Charges, their return on invested capital for continuing operations was 12. 7% for fiscal 2010 compared to 11. 1% for fiscal 2009. Week 2 Activity Ratios of Home Depot vs. Lowes One key to profitability is how well a company manages and utilizes its assets. nearly ratios are design to evaluate a companys effectectiveness in managing assets. Of particular interest is the activity, or turnover ratios, of certain assets.The greater the number of times an asset turns over, the higher the ratio the fewer assets are required to maintain a given level of activity (revenue). Given that a company incurs cost to finance its assets with debt (paying interest) or equity (paying dividends), high turnovers are usually attractive. Receivable turnover Year 2009 2010 2011 Home Depot 68. 63. 9 53. 9 Lowes 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Receivable Turnover ratio is calculated by dividing a uttermosts net credit sales by the average net accounts receivables. The receivables turnover ratio provides an index number of a companys efficiency in collecting receivables. The ratio shows the number of times during a period that the averages accounts receivable poise is collected.The higher the ratio, the shorter the average time between credit sales and cash collection. As we can see above, Lowes has zero receivables, which can be translated to no credit sales. Inventory Turnover Year 2009 2010 2011 Home Depot 4. 21 4.. 19 4. 34 Lowes 4. 0 3. 72 3. 63 Inventory Turnover is an important measure for a merchandising company. The ratio shows the number of times the average inventory balance is sold during reporting period. It indicates how readily inventory is sold. The more frequently a business is able to sell, or turn over, its inventory, the lower its investment in inventory must be for a given level of sales. The ratio is computed by dividing the periods costs of goods sold by the average inventory balance.The denominator, average inventory, is determined by adding beginning and ending inventory and dividing by two. A comparatively high ratio, as in the case of Home Depot compare to Lowes, usually is desirable. A high ratio indicates comparative strength, perhaps caused by a companys superior sales force or maybe a successful publicize campaign. However, it might also be caused by a relatively low inventory level, which could mean either very efficient inventory measurement or stock outs or lost sales in the future. Comparing the two industries, we can conclude than Home Depot turns over their inventory a potato chip faster than Lowes. Asset Turnover Year 2009 2010 2011 Home Depot 1. 73 1. 62 1. 73 Lowes 1. 48 1. 43 1. 41 Asset Turnove r is a broad measure of asset efficiency.The ratio is computed by dividing a companys net sales or revenue by the average total assets available for use during a period. The denominator, average assets, is determined by adding beginning and ending total assets and dividing by two. The asset turnover ratio provides an indication of how efficiency a company utilizes all of its assets to generate revenue. Also, it shows how many sales dollars are generated for every dollar invested in the companys assets. Lowes had relatively lower asset turnover than Home Depot because their recent investment in PP&E has not yet r severallyed their potentials.Home Depot is a financially sound company and performs well when compared to its competitors. Based on current business conditions and the potential growth opportunity facing Home Depot, we feel that the bottom line will continue to grow at a healthy rate above the competition in the near future. We believe that the relatively low levels of debt, approximately wider margins, and lower costs make Home Depot an attractive investment for the long run. Shares of Home Depot are currently trading at $33. 92 to what we believe is gaining momentum in the market.This increase is possibly derived from the markets belief that better than predicted growth will be seen from expansion into foreign markets, specifically China. Week 4 Home Depot Accounting Policies The retail exertion, in general, presents a very competitive market with high price competition and low product dissimilariation. Although almost any retailer, from supermarkets to superstores, can offer sign improvement items at a competitive price, the home improvement industry currently provides a great opportunity for differentiation in regards to the types of services home improvement retailers offer.To successfully maximize sales and increase revenues in the home improvement industry, retailers such as Home Depot must successfully combine product variety, quality and price and specialized services. As discussed earlier, Home Depot has adopted a business strategy based on these key factors. Consequently, as we look at Home Depots overall financial results, it is necessary to focus on key accounting policies adopted by the company to measure critical factors and risks. In the Managements tidings and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition of The Home Depot, Inc 2011 Annual Report (www. omedepot. com), management identified three major areas as areas of critical accounting policy and discussed the adoption of four different accounting pronouncements. In addition to the four recently adopted accounting pronouncements identified in the managements discussion, The Home Depot identified four other major accounting policy changes in its Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Specifically, The Home Depot adopted four different accounting pronouncements in regards to service revenue recognition, vendor allowances, goodwill amortiza tion and stock based compensation.The three critical accounting policies, as identified by The Home Depot management refer to the treatment of merchandise inventories, self insurance and revenue recognition. Merchandise Inventory policy is specifically addressed by The Home Depot management in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition and is assessed in two different ways. Approximately 93% of total inventory is set at the lower of cost or market utilizing FIFO under the retail inventory method with the other 7% valued under the cost method.The Notes section of the Financial Statements accounts for the two different methods. check to the Notes, the 7% of inventory valued under the cost method was due to inventory policy of certain subsidiaries and distribution centers. In addition, The Home Depot, Inc. takes a physical inventory count on a regular basis at each store to verify that inventory amounts in the merchandise inventory section of the Consolidated Financial Statements are accurate. Lastly, in regards to merchandise inventory, the company does account for feasible inventory shrinkage or swell based on historical results and industry trends.Self Insurance accounting policy for Home Depot addresses its treatment of losses related to general liability, product liability, workers compensation and medical claims. The total liability is estimated on the total cost incurred as of the specific balance sheet date and is not discounted. The estimate is based on historical data and actuarial estimates. The company also explains in its Management Discussion that they ensure estimates of liability are as accurate as possible by having both management and third-party actuaries review the estimates on a quarterly basis. taxation Recognition is the third critical accounting policy identified by The Home Depot management. Revenue recognition at the Home Depot follows the industry norm of recognizing revenue when the customer takes possession of the merchandise or, if a customer makes payment prior to take ownership of the merchandise, Home Depot records the sale as Deferred Revenue on the balance sheet until the sale is finalized when the customer takes possession of the paid merchandise.Additionally, because The Home Depot also provides a variety of services through their installation and home maintenance programs, they also recognize service revenue at the time when the service is completed and also record any customer pre-paid service revenue as Deferred Revenue on the balance sheet. Week 5 Internet The internet has completely changed the way companies communicate and market to their prospects. Home improvement businesses in the U. S report that the ways they have traditionally generated leads (i. . yellows pages, direct mail, print media, tv and radio) arent working like they use to. In fact, 85% of all products and service inquiries now start online and 97% of U. S internet users gather shopping i nformation online and of those more than half characterize their behaviour as Shop Online, Purchase Offline. The convenience of online shopping and the ability to make price comparisons on the internet has completely changed retail trends in the past decades. make up though most people tend to shop for building materials by visiting physical locations, still Home Depot cannot ignore e-commerce because people change magnitude buy items of nearly any kind online. Home depot being the largest home improvement retailer is expanding in the online channel aggressively and targeting it as a major growth opportunity. Home depot made its biggest e-commerce investment over the last two years since it started internet sales in 2001. According to research, 45% 0f the 9. million consumers who visited Home Depots website on average in any given week said their next step was a trip to a Home Depot store, which translates to about 225 customers a day per location. However, e-commerce for the hom e improvement industry is an underleveraged opportunity. A lot of people think of home Depot as a place you go on a Saturday, or when you do window treatment or carpeting. As such, they can do a better job online for things like branded power tools and replenishable items and also offer delivering services for those items.Home Depots operating cost will decrease if customers interacted through the use of the internet due to the folllowing Online customers are used to doing their own shopping without any sales representative assistance therefore the cost of the salesperson would be eliminated as such. The range of products that can be offered through the website can be far greater than what one could find at Home Depots location, thereby giving customers a clear reason to prefer the internet.These are all advantages that Home Depot can benefit from as a result of the internet. As with the advantages, there are also disadvantages (issues) that Home Depot needs to put into considera tion and work diligently to address them. The foremost of these issues are lack of site maintenance and lack of integration between the e-commerce site and the corporate back-office systems. As such, Home Depot must work through these issues in detail in order to arrive at the true cost-benefit for an e-commerce.

Away From Her †A Film Review Essay

The necessitate Away From Her, is a screenplay adaptation from the short story Bear came over the Mountain by Alice Munro. The story focuses approximately the birth of Fiona and pass, an Ontario couple married over 40 years. The couple is forced to face that fact that Fionas forgetfulness is actually Alzheimers disease. by and by Fiona wanders away and is found after be lost, she benefits that she can no longer live at home. Fiona has too genuinely much self-pride for herself, and too much pity for commit, to subject him to her deteriorating mind. She makes the decision on her experience to check into a comfort commensurate nearby nursing home.The nursing home they choose has a no-visitors policy for the first thirty days of the patients stay, to let them coiffure to their new settings. When surrender visits Fiona after the first month of her staying in the nursing home, he finds out that non entirely has she forgotten him, but Fiona has transferred her feelings to an another(prenominal) man. The other man is Aubrey, a wheelchair bound mute patient at the nursing home. His wife Marian later moves Aubrey out of the home. As the distance among Grant and Fiona increases, Grant must sacrifice his own happiness for Fiona. This moving story, was told from the perspective of the director and screenplay writer, Sarah Polley. I believe that she used the films focus of Alzheimer, humour and intimacy between the characters to show an honest relationship of a forty-year marriage.Objectively the film is the struggle of relationship with a women suffering from Alzheimers. I designate that the director, Sarah Polley used role of Alzheimers in the film as a metaphor for how memory plays out in a long relationship what we choose to remember what we choose to forget. At a point in the film, where Grant drove Fiona, we get a glimmer that their marriage wasnt all like it seemed to be. Fiona mentions a younger woman, a student of Grants who someway had an impact o f their marriage. Although Fiona doesnt come out right and say it, the film implies that Grant may have cheated or at least was tempted to cheat on her. After that incident, he swore he would do anything for her. Grant retired from the university and they moved out to the cottage on the lake, where the ii have lived ever since.It is interesting to see that memory is selective, and that by means of the complete disease she quieten seems to remember the things she wishes she would forget. Polley explores the kinetics of the survival of a longmarriage, managing to do so without having to rely on flashbacks of a romantic past. The only flashback we see in the film is a screen shot of Fiona as a young woman smiling, no dialogue, just the understand. I venture the image isnt mean to represents a romantic past of their younger years, but an beliefl of health that Grant wishes he had back. He is attempting to cope with a new Fiona he doesnt recognize, nor who recognizes him. I think the film shows Grant discovering himself after being married to somebody for so long, sincereizing what unconditional love meant at the end of their marriage. In this fictional character Grant reaches out to Marian, Aubreys wife to convince her that Aubrey come to visit Fiona.Sarah Polley also uses subtle humour in her film. The humour in film provided relief to the tensity of the film and also gave insight to the bigger perspective of life itself. The film focus is surrounding a debilitating disease and its impact on others, so it is important for comedic relief. For example, Fiona jokes with Grant about not remembering where he was going, later adding in a just kidding. Although the films humour is not very substantial, I think it represents the idea that life goes on. I think that this is also characterized through the relationship that develops between Grant and Marian. Marian is a pretty witty senior(a) lady, and the dynamic of her and Grant is hilarious. Marian is straig ht to the point, strong spoken, while Grant is more passive in his speaking.I think that this dynamic may have been equivalent to of Grants and Fionas relationship, although Fiona appears to be more classy than Marian. Fiona used humour subtly after learning of her condition. Even her appointment with the doctor, she was using humour in some manikin to answer the doctors question. I think the use of humour is a coping mechanism for Fiona, but also shows her strength of character. Fionas acceptance of her diagnosis is shown through her quick actions and her positive behaviour such as humour, proves her strength of character. I think that this adds to the proof of her real courage and strength, which helps to take evidence to her and Grants marriage being able to last over forty years.The last item that I believe the director wanted to address was the idea of a sexual relationship among older adults. In a few parts of the movie, thereare intimate encounters between Fiona and Grant , and Grant and Marian. Many films, for example the Notebook, and others that deal with people in their 60s and 70s, give off the idea that they are very sweet and sexless. Although it is somewhat seem as taboo that elderly dont engage in sexual activity, I think that Polley used this as part of a way to show the true honesty of the relationship. We are not given some cookie cutter idea of the marriage. Polley used the opportunity of showcasing intimacy among older people, as a sign that there is a reason why people are together for so long. There arent just meaningful conversations there is actual chemistry still there between two people after all those years. There is law to the relationship, whether it be their apparent intimacy level, or the trials and tribulations they have gone through over the years.After watching the film, I could see why it received so many awards. Julie Christie, played her part brilliantly, with the ability to balance a person with Alzheimers enough so t hat it is clear her mind is deteriorating, but not too much that she comes off as crazy. You see a significant change in her mannerisms and speaking from the start of the movie from the end of the movie. I think her role impeccably shows the disease of Alzheimers in a way that is real, and gives meaning to the clear changes that the family has to go through. I found it interesting that after thirty days she had forgotten Grant, and neer retained any memory of him. I longed for her to show some glimmer of memory, whether it be a song and scent, but that day never came.I was very much moved by the relationship between Grant and Fiona. The relationship seemed very realistic, the dynamics between the two did not seemed forced by anyway. I appreciated the fact that there was truth to their long span of marriage, such as the altercation between Grant and one of his students. Even though this overhauled, the two stuck together for better and for worse. The fact that among the beginning o f her disease Fiona still had memory of this, shows the significance it had on their marriage. I also thought that it was important to show that they still were intimate, and had chemistry between the two. It signified how important they were to one another and how difficult it was for Grant to accept Fionas condition, but his willingness and persistence to stay by her side. This movie gave atrue portrait of real life couples, struggling with day to day life, a marriage isnt one huge love story, it takes a mutual commitment.The whole aspect of Alzheimers is quite foreign to me. One set of my grandparents are deceased, while the other I am not super close to. There is a language barrier between my grandmother and I, making it difficult to communicate. She has begun to show some forgetfulness, but it hasnt really progressed into anything serious. I think that the if I was more sure of the effects of Alzheimers on a personal level, I may be more effected by the film and Fionas conditi on. I think that Alzheimers would be the or so horrifying diseases for me. In the beginning, between episodes of memory and no memory, I think I would really struggle with dealing with the disease.When I was coherent of what was happening, that I was not remembering things would probably really upset me. I like that feeling of being in control, so not being able to remember unsubdivided things would really bother me. As time goes on through the film, I really start to feel for Grant, because at this point I dont think Fiona realize what is going on. Although it is sad for Fiona, she is unaware what is going on, while Grant is forced to deal with the disease as well. I think that it was sad to see Grant become aware that the Alzheimers disease is the beginning of the end and will ultimately result in his wifes death. I think that as he sat in the dining room hall watching the patients, he observed various stages of Alzheimers, becoming aware of what was to come in the near future.A nother impact of the film on me, was the budding relationship between Grant and Marian. I found it difficult to understand the timeline of the film, because it seemed to switch back and forth between the past and present. However, I think it was important for Grant to develop a relationship with Marian. I think he needed that support from somebody who knew what he was going through. It also gave hope the notion that there is something for him to look forward too, despite of his situation with his wife. He had somebody he could rely on, be intimate with and share a connection with. It shows that all human strive for that connection with people, and he had lost that with his wife due to her disease.The biggest problem I had was with the ending of the film. In the end, Grant convinces Marian to bring Aubrey back to the nursing home to visit Fiona. The connection that bonded Fiona and Aubrey together everyday was ripped apart, when Marian took Aubrey out of the home. Fiona seemed to mis s Aubrey, but the mention of him decreased as time went on.However, Grant convinced for the meeting to happen. However, in the end when Grant tells her that Aubrey was there, Fiona had forgotten who Aubrey was. This was the end of the movie, and it was truly heartbreaking. The effort that Grant put in for this to happen didnt even matter in the end. Although it gives justice to the true effects of the disease, I had wished for a happy ending. Whether it be Fiona remembers Aubrey or Grant. However, Polley stayed consistent with her depiction of a real life relationship right until the end of the film.In conclusion, I overall enjoyed the film Away from Her. The film focused around the story of an elderly couple, Grant and Fiona, who are forced to deal with Fionas diagnose of Alzheimers. The director, Sarah Polley used a combination of humour and human intimacy to depict a true honest relationship of a long lasting marriage. I found the movie somewhat moving, enjoying the dynamic relat ionship of Fiona, Grant, Aubrey and Marian. I would have been more impacted if I had a personal experience related to Alzheimers, but still found the film moving. I wish the film had ended differently, in a way that she would someway recognize Grants efforts for his love for Fiona.BibliographyOpinion Piece about FilmAway From Her. Film (2006)

Sleepy hollow

remove Sleepy labor is a new television series currently running on the FOX network. Airing on September 16, Sleepy Hollow Is a modern twist on Washington Irvings classic record of Ichabod Crane and the Headless horseman. Ichabod Crane, played by actor Tom Mison, is a revolutionary soldier resurrected in the present-day town of Sleepy Hollow along with his foe, the Headless Horseman.The show explores the legend of the Apocalypse, with Ichabod and his companion deputy sheriff Abbie Mills, played by ctress Nicole Beharie, as the two witnesses who must try and stop the coming of the Four Horseman and the end of the world. sleepy Hollow has only been on air for trinity months with a total of 9 episodes but seems to already have a loyal following, similar to the creators Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orc former serialized sci-fi show Fringe. The show Is put down primarily In Wilmington, North Carolina by 20th century Fox Television and has already been regenerate for a second season in 2014.Sleepy Hollow, like all FOX television shows, has accounts on the three main social edia websites Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Facebook detlnltely has the intimately following with over 100,000 chase. Twitter comes in second with almost 60,000 followers and Instagram in last place with less than 3,000 followers. The Facebook page regularly posts pictures, take ins and dissimilar articles through expose the week, though most coming from the day leading up toa new episode. The Twitter account SleepyHollowFOX also tweets regularly with the conformable hashtags of sleepyhollow for the show and *sleepyheads for its fans.Instagram is used nfrequently with only 55 posts total and most pictures acting as a preview for that nights episode. In addition to these three maln sites, Sleepy Hollow also has Its official website on FOX and various video clips on the FOX YouTube channel. The official website has an interactive map called The Secret Map of Sleepy Hollow and intact epis odes and recaps available to watch. Finally, It also has links to Its various social media websites and a built in twitter feed. The unmarried actors also have their own social media presences, namely Twitter and official websites.The show sleepy Hollow does a decent Job In reaching out to Its viewers through social media. It has the compulsory social media accounts and does post circumscribe regularly. However, Sleepy Hollow underutilizes all of these social media sites, making their accounts boring and uninviting. Their content Is mostly Just previews and stills for each upcoming episode. It gives viewers no behind the scenes content, shutting them out of the outturn process. Behind the scenes photos and clips often help viewers feel Included, a part ot the cast and In on the secret.Instagram Is definitely acking content and followers, which could easily be remedied with exclusive stills from cast and crew during production. The various accounts also escape options for viewer teedback and recognition. The Sleepy Hollow Twitter account does tweet suspenseful lines during commercial breaks, but neer asks for viewer feedback. They also never retweet or favorite any clever comments from their followers. Fans are asKea to tweet out tnere Is no reward. s Ilke Modern Hamlly are aneaa In tne social media game with in show tweets and polling results from fans.By honor ans with seeing their tweets on television and online, Modern Family increases viewership and loyalty to their program. Sleepy Hollow is new and has the capableness to establish a great social media presence from the beginning of its programming, however FOX puts little stew into sites. The official website is especially lacking, with a confusing and dark layout. Its interactive map of Sleepy Hollow had the beginnings ofa estimable idea, however turned out to be boring clips from previous episodes.http//www.fox.com/sleepy-hollowhttp//www.skisleepyhollow.com/https//ru-ru.facebook.com/TomMisonFan s/https//www.facebook.com/SleepyHollow/https//twitter.com/sleepyhollowfoxhttps//www.instagram.com/sleepyhollowfox/http//www.imdb.com/title/tt2854394/https//www.youtube.com/user/FoxBroadcasting

Who Should Be Responsible for Obesity

Who should be responsible for corpulency? When it comes to the topic of Americas social problems, most of us will readily agree that the fleshiness epidemic is one of the major problems in Americas society now. Where this agreement usu totallyy ends, however, is on the question of who is responsible for this problem. Whereas some are convinced Dont break up the Eater, that the fast-food intentness is responsible, other maintains that is a personal responsibility and what you prey is your business.My feeling on the issue are mixed. I do support Radley Balkos position that it is a personal responsibility What you eat is you business. only I respect that Radley Balko has over looked some issue on the corporations side and I in any case agree with David Zinczenkos argument that it is corporate responsibility. I agree that in the articleWhat you eat is your business Radley Balkostates that Were becoming less responsible for our own health, and more responsible for everyone elses .Your heart access drives up the cost of my premiums and office visits. And if the administration is paying for my anti-cholesterol medication, what incentive is there for me to put down the cheeseburger? more than and more insurance companies are making ton of money every day, Americans rather spend all their money to pay for premiums health policies but not take care of their own health. But wherefore bother to spend all the money on those policies, we can upright put down the cheeseburger and save.People vie that they male parentt convey time to eat healthy but this is only anexcuse, if we all use fiveproceeding to backpack our own lunch that can change a lot in the society, I agnize we all busy with all kind of different things in our daily life but we have an hour to watch TV but do not have fiveminutes to pack lunch? Even a sandwich with a juice box is healthier than those fast-foods in the street. Isnt it a health body is most important to our life?In What you eat is your business Radley Balko as well claim that Instead of manipulating or intervening in the phalanx of food available to American consumers, our government ought to be working to foster a sense of responsibility in and ownership of our own health and well-being. But were doing just the opposite. 61% of American is overweight in America, government, president, politicians and school board reach so many things to ban the fast foods and sodas from school campuses and vending machines, but I designate those are wrong way to fight obesity.Government and school board should foster people to eat health, teach them how to take away their diet and tell them the outcomes of not take care their own health, not intervening in the array of food available to American consumers. But I in addition agree David Zinczenko, Dont Blame the Eater insist that Drive down any thoroughfare in America, and I guarantee youll let out one of our coun guesss more than 13,000 McDonalds eating houses. Now, drive back up the block and try to find someplace to buy a grapefruit. Fast-food restaurants are all over the place, how can we avoid it?When we dont want to cook or on Sunday some families want to eat outside, there is no other choice for them, drive down any thoroughfare fast food restaurant everywhere. It hard to find places where healthier foods are sold there are inexpensive and convenient comparability to fast-food restaurants. There are also a number of convenient stores everywhere, and convenient stores do not just offer chips and sodas, most of them offer fresh fruits, water and other healthy alternatives to fast-food. People can also choose to eat at home, or carry around a healthy snack that they got at home.Eric Schlosser in Your Trusted Friend emphasize that Fast food chains annually spend close $3 billion on television advertising, their marketing efforts directed at children extend far beyond such conventional ads. The McDonalds corporation now operates more than eight thousand playgrounds at its restaurants in the United State. A manufacturer of Playlands explains why fast-food operators to build these largely plastic structures Playlands bring children, who bring in parents, who bring in money. Fast food restaurants become gathering spaces for families with young children.Every about 90 per centum of American children between the ages of three and nine visit a McDonalds. Children are the biggest consumer for fast-food restaurants, thats way fast-food restaurant spend about $3 billion on television advertising and some other promotion, identical buy happy meal with free toys. A successful promotions easily double or deuce-ace the weekly sales volume of childrens meals. But other side a successful promotions also easily double or triple the chance of being obesity. In my opinion I think fast- food over advertise.Even fast food constancy influence of the food market is the biggest reason causing us to have obesity, as a consumer we put everything into our mouth, you can blame the fast food industry and the food available to us all day but you actually is responsible for what you eat. You can find all kinds of excuse, but you still have the responsibility to take care of yourself we need to be aware of the problem first, willing to take a step in choosing the right foods, and make an effort to do exercise without this demand at the first place, no one ethical company has the viability to survive in such a cruel demand driven market.

How Do Ngos Represent Humanitarian Issues Trough Images in Advertising

How do NGOs represent humanitarian issues trough kitchen ranges in advertising? Negative images of developing countries are a common means adopted by Non political Organisations to arrange financial support for those countries. However there has been much discussion as to weather much(prenominal) advertising for fundraising campaigns is re every(prenominal)y authentic and if the images go ford represent the issue as it is. More and more(prenominal) NGOs human activity their backs on the use of negative images, for example of starving children, and adopting new advertising strategies.When the organisations are trying to cause cash from potential donors there is often a dilemma between utilize shocking images to raise cash in the short term or whether to focus on the longer term gains with more positive images. This essay focuses on how NGOs are trying to achieve the latter without losing donations. Through a incompatible approach applying the shock effect to a incarnate s tyle of advertisements. Will the audience k straight with these new-fashioned fundraising campaigns that for example Africa is not a continent full of sorrow and but will learn more about the wider social historical and geographical context?Do these campaigns give the desired outcome in the end, which is raising money in a democratic way that empowers the subjects from injustice? (Ed Kashi and the Third Frame NGOs and picture taking Conference Report 2010) Pictures are powerful notes Lester and Ross authors of the book Images that Injure (2010). They argue that the publishing of strong images makes economical sense. However economic priorities should not conflict ethics. The fact that images of the starving African child can be used in advertising does not make it ethical, although they are often aesthetically appealing.These images are truly welcome for their shock effect and raise money in a relatively fast way. unless aesthetics is not ethics (Lester & Ross 2010, p. 30 ) . The authors point out the way media organisations are dealing with their role-related responsibilities. That should recognize their power in creating viewer perception and use that power judiciously by presenting images inwardly a wider context, even in advertising (Lester & Ross 2010, p. 31 ). The negative response to the shock image in fundraising campaigns has been increasing.According to blogwriter and campaign coordinator of Amnesty International Rob Goddon, we have gone from one disaster in to another and have used images from the stick thin African women and children in atrocity situations to smiling and apt women and children. The positive images may be easier to stomach and go some way to counter what is perceived as compassion fatigue(or maybe more accurately Lack of solution fatigue) but they even-tempered fail (Goddon et al. 2009).The lack of solution manifests itself in positive images that aim to communicate with integrity land study the public about historic al and geographical context. Showing people in this new-dignified way is to cancel reinforcing racial or cultural stereotypes. A contemporary rule in the NGO worlds is avoid using images that look down on people as this can sometimes make the subject shape up like a victim. Instead choose images that reflect empowerment. You can see the use of photography intelligibly in Oxfam and Save the children campaigns (Oxfam. 2006).The problem with these positive images is that they are often misrecognized in the situation of distant measly and the public might think that these people are fine because of the positive images and this wont trigger the get hold of to give money anymore (Chouliaraki n. d. ). To refer back to Goddons point, these kinds of images still fail what NGOs are all hoping to achieve illustrate the complexity of the lived experience of those they intended to help (Goddon et al. 2009). In a media landscape where the fair consumer gets asked for his attention every min ute of the day by the surrounding visual culture it is hard to get seen.According to Windley (2005) the economics have shifted over the last decade and have changed how businesses operate as well as the expectations of customers. Businesses are adjusting to new slipway of relating to their customers and brands are fundamentally important for the success and survival. (Windley 2005, p. 40) NGOs have to play this mealy just being as tough as the rest of them out there. Although the changing nature of engineering has opened up many ways for NGOs to use photography, it hasnt made it easier to answer the on dismissal question of how to represent a certain issue.NGOs have to represent themselves and think how they want to brand their subject to raise awareness but also to fundraise. Advertising agencies therefore apply the shock-effect in different ways to get the attention of the viewer and instead of for example the hungry African child they use corporate style advertising to provok e emotions of guilt and indignation. One example of shock techniques to represent an issue within the corporate advertisement style, is an awareness campaign for the Campaign Against Landmines. Part of the campaign the agency designed a ketchup packet with a picture of a kids legs or head.When you open the packet, you tear off the w body part and ketchup bleeds out. Some people see this advert as a splendid piece of advertising and others may feel this is too shocking. In New Zeeland this campaign got overwhelmed with some criticism. good it is graphic, it is shocking, but so too is the reality 15-20,000 having that sort of thing happening to them as a leave alone of landmines, says Minister of Disarmament Phil Goff (One news et al. 2006). Some find it hard to swallow to rip of a three-year-old boys leg and being confronted with what is going on in other countries.According to Chouliaraki (2010) this new approach could be place as post humanitarian communication. This shift, I argue, should be seen as a contemporary feat to renew the legitimacy of humanitarian communication one that abandons universal morality and draws on the resources of the media market in which humanitarian organizations operate today. (Chouliaraki 2010). She notes that NGOs are still relying on this style of advertisement to provoke emotions but not in a way to inspire immediate action.The corporate advertisement style is used in a Take it or leave it way (Goddon et al. 2009). A good example on the use of photography in corporate advertising is the campaign Its not happening here but today from Amnesty International in Switzerland. The campaign uses the tagline Its not happening here but its happening now the campaign puts up posters in bus stops and train stations etc, with exact matches of the existing background. It aims to plant people what is going on in the world, even if its not happening in front of them at the bus stop.The advertising uses shock images to enter in t he publics everyday lives, entering in the public milieu and showing them what is happening in other parts of the world. What Amnesty International does is using photography in a photo realistic way and forces a direct act on humanitarian issues.